Coming Home 1919

On November 11th 1918 the First World War was officially over when Armistice was signed. However, the war continued well into 1919 for many Canadian soldiers. At the end of the war there were approximately 300,000 Canadians in Britain and Europe. Bringing everyone home was a huge endeavour. One this date 100 years ago my grandfather William Thomas Brooks was one of these Canadians anxiously waiting to come home. Here is his official service photo. 

I had written about his war service in an early blog post: click here to read Bill had spent the war in the Canadian Service Corps using his skills as a stenographer. On Armistice Day he was stationed in France at the CASC Depot at Beaurainville He finished the war with the rank of Corporal with his promotion going through on March 24 1919. 

He returned to England and was assigned to General Head Quarters. He celebrated Easter there on April 20th 1919.

Shortly after, in May, he was transferred to Rhyl, located on the north shore of Wales. There he worked as a Clerk.

The Town of Rhyl did its best to deal with the troops while they were stationed there. Due to shortage of large ships and post war strikes by working class Britons it took some time to ship the Canadians home. Rhyl experienced rioting in March 1919 before Bill's arrival. A mutiny at a camp for Canadian soldiers resulted in several deaths. 

From 2019 exhibit at the Canadian War Museum

Here are some adverts for entertainment that took place during Bill's stay in May of 1919. Since he kept these flyers he likely attended at least some of these events!

On June 2nd 1919 it was Bill's turn to return home:

This is the ship he sailed on, S.S. Lapland. When she returned to being a passenger ship after the war she could carry roughly 2000 first, second and third class passengers. As a troop ship she would have carried about the same number. On this voyage the Lapland carried 79 regular passengers and the remainder of the ship was filled with returning soldiers. 

From 2019 exhibit at the Canadian War Museum

On the page listing Corporal Brooks there were 178 soldiers listed so the ship was overflowing. Unfortunately the list with my grandfather's name is covered with another page but I spotted his number 510813: 

The Lapland docked in Halifax on June 6th 1919 and Bill was home. He was discharged on June 11th 1919. 

Bill was one of the lucky ones - he made it home without sustaining major injuries, though the experience was still likely difficult. Others were not so lucky - you can read about the experiences of Frederick Moorecroft 

From 2019 exhibit at the Canadian War Museum

and Percival, Arthur and Herman Moorecroft  

From 2019 exhibit at the Canadian War Museum

There were welcome home parades and a lot of excitement at the return of the soldiers.

From 2019 exhibit at the Canadian War Museum

These photos were taken by my grandmother Gertrude Kingswell at a welcome home parade in her hometown Kingston Ontario, exact date unknown.

In Toronto the celebrations continued into the summer with the CNE celebrating both Victory and a 40 year anniversary

But once all the parades were over it was time to try and return to normal life. The former soldiers were provided with assistance. This pamphlet, published by local churches, provided useful information:


And local businesses offered discounts:

It's possible that my grandfather took advantage of Mr. Walker's offer. He quickly found work and a place to live. The 1920 Toronto City Directory (which was compiled in 1919) listed him

My grandfather's war ended well with a job, and soon after a wife and family. He might not have spoken about his experiences during the Great War but no doubt they shaped the rest of his life. One hundred years later I'm glad that he returned home safely.

Brooks, Martha, wife

Today is International Women's Day, and March is Women's History month in the US (in Canada October is Women's History Month). 

In genealogy it can be extremely difficult to research women. They just don't show up in the general records. Once married they would generally take their husband's name and retreat into the home, never to be seen in the public record until perhaps when her husband died and she was named in his will. It can be hard to get a real picture of their lives. They're almost forgotten.

Case in point is my great-grandmother Martha Ellen Walker Brooks. Martha was born in Scarborough on 29 September 1873 to Thomas Walker and Hannah Topper. Thomas was born in Scarborough on 3 January 1830 and was a descendant of the founding family of Scarborough, the Thomsons. Hannah was born in Lincolnshire on 12 Jul 1841. She emigrated to Canada sometime between 1851 and 1862 with her siblings Sarah, George and Martha. Frank, William and Christopher joined their siblings at a later date (there were 13 children in total in the family). I don't have a picture of Thomas but here is a picture of Hannah, my great-great grandmother.

Hannah Topper Walker

I don't have the exact date of their marriage but they appear to have married some time in 1862. Their first child Sarah Ann was born in 1863 followed by Mary Jane in 1864. The next two children David (born in 1866) and Thomas (born in 1867) both died in infancy, George David was born in 1870, William Henry in 1871 and then Martha. Tragedy struck in 1876. The Walker's last child Thomas was born on 18 March 1876. He died on 23 May 1876 as a result of congestion of the lungs. 

His mother followed him to the grave on 21 April 1876 as a result of pyaemia from puerperal inflammation, duration of about 5 weeks dating back to the birth of her last child. Pyaemia was a type of septicaemia (blood poisoning)caused by the spread in the bloodstream of pus-forming bacteria released from an abscess. Without antibiotics the disease is almost always fatal.


Maternal mortality had improved by the end of the 19th century but many women still succumbed to complications from giving birth. The informant of the death was Thomas' older brother Andrew. Thomas must have been devastated. In fact he never remarried which was unusual in the 19th century, especially with a man running a farm with 5 young children.

It must have been difficult for Martha growing up without a mother. No doubt her older sisters helped her father parent their younger sister but by 1881 Mary Jane had moved out. She married in 1883 and Sarah Ann in 1891. By 1891 Thomas was living alone, which again was unusual. It was the custom for widowed parents to move in with one of their married children. I was unable to locate either Martha nor her two brothers in 1891 census so I don't know where they were living. They didn't appear listed with their married sisters, nor were they living with any of their Topper or Walker aunts, uncles or cousins. I like to think that Martha may have had an opportunity to have any interesting job but we'll never know for sure.

She finally surfaces on 13 December 1893 when she marries my great-grandfather John Andrew Brooks in Agincourt. She was 20 years old. Her brother William Henry was a witness as was her cousin Alice Hastings. Alice was also born in 1873 and also grew up without a mother. Elizabeth Ann Wallker died in 1875 of consumption, The new husband is listed as a farmer. In 1893 the employment of the bride was not listed. All we know is that she was single.

Now Martha is a married woman and that status will define her place in the world for the rest of her life. In each census she is listed as Brooks, Martha, wife. No employment is ever listed though she has her hands full working as a farm wife and raising her three sons. The 1901, 1911 and 1921 censuses all read the same.

1911 Canadian census

I've located the family on voter lists. On the 1935, she is listed as Brooks, Mrs. John Sr, housewife. As was the custom, her first name was not used. On the 1940 and 1945 list she is Brooks, Mrs. J, In 1949 her first name is used: Brooks, Martha hw. 

1935 Voter list

It was unlikely that Martha voted in the 1949 election. She had already developed dementia and a nurse was hired to help look after her. Nurse Edna attended my parents' wedding as well.

John Brooks Sr, Nurse Edna, Martha Walker Brooks, Anne Brooks, John Brooks Jr.

These are the only other pictures I have of Martha, taken with her son my grandfather William Thomas Brooks and my father Gordon Russell Brooks. 

 

I'm not sure when these pictures were exactly taken. I love her sweet smile. She died on June 24th 1952 at the age of 78 and was buried two days later in the Melville Presbyterian Church Cemetery in West Hill.

And that's what I know of her life. I wish I knew her hopes, her dreams and her disappointments. There was more to her life that I will never be able to learn about. But she was important in her own right. So for International Women's Day I leave you with the story of my great-grandmother, descendent of Scarborough pioneers, hardworking farm wife and beloved mother and grandmother. She is not forgotten to me.

Gertrude Maude Kingswell - A woman's life told by her books

October is Women's History Month, as well as Family History month. That makes it the perfect time to write about my grandmother Gertrude Maude Kingswell Brooks. Gertie started me on my genealogy journey by sharing stories of her family. Here I will share her story.

I inherited from Gertie a pile of amazing vintage books that she collected at various stages in her life. In this post I will use her books to tell her story.

Gertie was born in Kingston Ontario on August 22nd 1899. I've written about her family before click here to read their story. This is the earliest picture of my grandmother. 

Her mom looks not bad for a woman who just gave birth to her 9th child.



The Kingswells initially lived in an area of Kingston known as Portsmouth. The Kingston Penitentiary is located in the same part of town.


The Kingswells were staunch Anglicans and Gertie attended Sunday School at St. John's Church in Portsmouth. This is the earliest book in her collection, a hymn book.

I don't know which primary school she attended but I found this picture in her collection. It was captioned Portsmouth 1910 on the back. Gertie is standing second from the left.

The next book in Gertie's collection was a gift from her mother to Gertie and her sister Chrissie. They were the youngest of the Kingswell brood and clearly in need of some guidance to become proper young ladies! (Chrissie on the left, Gertie on the right, age about 9 and 14)

 

The family had moved to 32B Clergy Street and Gertie attended nearby Kingston Collegiate Institute.She clearly enjoyed her English classes, keeping some of the classic novels she studied.

  

The Kingswell family lived near Queens University and Gertie would have loved to have attended Queens. Her collection included this book which spoke to her love of music and desire to have a University education. 

Unfortunately the cost of university tuition was above the means of a lower income family and it still wasn't the norm for women to seek higher education. Instead Gertie attended Kingston Business College and developed skills that led her to work as a stenographer.

Before meeting and marrying my grandfather Gertie had several beaux. She would often remark to the family that she could have married a doctor, no doubt after an argument with her husband! Some of her book collections had intriguing inscriptions. 


These mystery men can probably be seen in the many photos from Gertie's collection that remain unidentified.

After marriage Gertie still took time out to read. This popular novel was in her collection.

Gertie was a doting mother to her two boys. Both my dad and my uncle served overseas during World War Two. My dad sent this Bible home in 1944 and it had a special place in her collection.

I don't remember seeing my grandmother with a book in her hand and there were no later books in her collection. However, I love this photo of Gertie and me taken on my 2nd birthday. I'm not sure what book she is reading to me, but I still have the second book in my own collection!








My grandmother passed away in 1985. I have a special memory of calling her from England when I made my first trip there in 1982. I had visited the Isle of Wight and saw the church where her parents were married in 1883. It was exciting sharing some of my early genealogical discoveries with the person who started me off. She'd be impressed with what I've found since and I wish she was here to share my finds with.